:root {
  --navy: #0f1d52;
  --gray-50: #f7f8fc;
  --gray-100: #f0f2f8;
  --gray-200: #dee2ee;
  --gray-400: #6b7390;
  --gray-600: #555f80;
  --grad: linear-gradient(135deg, #243c8f 0%, #70c3c5 100%);
  --royal-blue: #243c8f;
  --teal: #70c3c5;
  --blue-deep: #0f1d52;
  --heading: #202323;
  --muted: #566085;
  --bg-primary: #fafbfd;
  --bg-secondary: #ffffff;
  --bg-tertiary: #f3f5f9;
  --bg-code: #0f1d52;
  --text-primary: #202323;
  --text-secondary: #4a5568;
  --text-tertiary: #566085;
  --text-caption: #5b6987;
  --border-primary: #e2e6ef;
  --border-subtle: #eef0f6;
  --surface-card: #ffffff;
  --surface-callout: #f0f4ff;
  --surface-callout-border: #c7d2f0;
  --surface-stat: linear-gradient(
    135deg,
    rgba(36, 60, 143, 0.04) 0%,
    rgba(112, 195, 197, 0.04) 100%
  );
  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 3px rgba(15, 29, 82, 0.04);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 16px rgba(15, 29, 82, 0.06);
  --shadow-lg: 0 8px 32px rgba(15, 29, 82, 0.08);
  --overlay: rgba(250, 251, 253, 0.85);
  --code-text: #70c3c5;
  --font: "Inter", "InterFallback", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont,
    "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --content-width: 720px;
  --wide-width: 880px;
  --full-width: 1200px;
  --nav-height: 64px;
}
[data-theme="dark"] {
  --bg-primary: #0b1023;
  --bg-secondary: #111730;
  --bg-tertiary: #161d38;
  --bg-code: #080d1c;
  --text-primary: #e8ecf4;
  --text-secondary: #b0bad0;
  --text-tertiary: #8d9bc0;
  --text-caption: #7e8ab0;
  --border-primary: #1e2747;
  --border-subtle: #171e36;
  --surface-card: #111730;
  --surface-callout: rgba(36, 60, 143, 0.15);
  --surface-callout-border: rgba(36, 60, 143, 0.3);
  --surface-stat: linear-gradient(
    135deg,
    rgba(36, 60, 143, 0.12) 0%,
    rgba(112, 195, 197, 0.08) 100%
  );
  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  --shadow-lg: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  --overlay: rgba(11, 16, 35, 0.88);
  --code-text: #70c3c5;
  --heading: #e8ecf4;
}
*,
*::before,
*::after {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}
html {
  scroll-padding-top: calc(var(--nav-height) + 24px);
}
body {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  background: var(--bg-primary);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  line-height: 1.72;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  transition: background 0.35s ease, color 0.35s ease;
}
::selection {
  background: rgba(36, 60, 143, 0.15);
  color: var(--text-primary);
}
a {
  color: var(--royal-blue);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.2s;
}
[data-theme="dark"] a {
  color: var(--teal);
}
a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}
img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}
nav {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0px;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.97);
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
  padding: 0 6%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  height: 64px;
}
.nav-logo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}
.nav-logo img {
  height: 44px;
  width: auto;
  display: block;
  object-fit: contain;
}
.nav-logo-icon-wrap {
  display: none;
}
.nav-logo-name {
  display: none;
}
.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 28px;
  list-style: none;
}
.nav-links a {
  color: var(--gray-600);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: color 0.18s;
}
.nav-links a:hover {
  color: var(--navy);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.nav-dropdown-wrap {
  position: relative;
}
.nav-dropdown-btn {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--gray-600);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  padding: 0;
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  transition: color 0.18s;
}
.nav-dropdown-btn:hover {
  color: var(--navy);
}
.nav-dropdown-btn svg {
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  transition: transform 0.2s;
  display: inline-block;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.nav-dropdown-wrap.open .nav-dropdown-btn svg {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}
.nav-dropdown-menu {
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  top: calc(100% + 14px);
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  background: white;
  border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
  border-radius: 14px;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(15, 29, 82, 0.12);
  padding: 10px;
  min-width: 200px;
  z-index: 200;
}
.nav-dropdown-wrap.open .nav-dropdown-menu {
  display: block;
}
.nav-dropdown-menu a {
  display: block;
  padding: 9px 14px;
  font-size: 13.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--gray-600);
  border-radius: 8px;
  white-space: nowrap;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background 0.15s, color 0.15s;
}
.nav-dropdown-menu a:hover {
  background: var(--gray-50);
  color: var(--navy);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.nav-blogs-wrap {
  position: relative;
}
.nav-blogs-btn {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--gray-600);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.nav-blogs-btn svg {
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  transition: transform 0.18s;
}
.nav-cta {
  background: var(--grad) !important;
  color: white !important;
  padding: 9px 22px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  font-size: 14px !important;
  transition: opacity 0.18s, transform 0.15s;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(36, 60, 143, 0.32);
}
.nav-cta:hover {
  opacity: 0.92;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.hamburger {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 5px;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 4px;
  background: none;
  border: none;
}
.hamburger span {
  width: 22px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--navy);
  border-radius: 2px;
  display: block;
}
.nav-logo-img {
  height: 50px;
  width: auto;
  display: block;
  object-fit: contain;
}
.nav-logo-svg {
  height: 38px;
  width: auto;
  display: block;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .nav-links {
    display: none;
  }
  .nav-links.open {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    position: fixed;
    top: 64px;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.97);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    padding: 16px 6%;
    gap: 6px;
    z-index: 99;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  }
  .hamburger {
    display: flex;
  }
}
.article-header {
  max-width: var(--wide-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 48px 32px 0;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 10;
}
.breadcrumbs {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.breadcrumbs a {
  color: var(--text-caption);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.breadcrumbs a:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
}
.breadcrumbs svg {
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  opacity: 0.5;
}
.article-category {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  background: var(--grad);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.article-title {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: clamp(44px, 6.5vw, 45px) !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.06 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  max-width: 780px;
}
.article-subtitle {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  max-width: 640px;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.article-meta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  padding-bottom: 32px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.author-block {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
}
.author-avatar {
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--grad);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 16px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.author-info {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.author-name {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}
.author-role {
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--text-caption);
}
.author-hover {
  position: relative;
}
.author-hover-trigger {
  cursor: pointer;
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 4px;
  margin: -4px;
  transition: background 0.15s;
}
.author-hover-trigger:hover,
.author-hover-trigger:focus-visible {
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
  outline: none;
}
.author-popup {
  position: absolute;
  top: calc(100% + 12px);
  left: 0;
  width: 380px;
  max-width: calc(100vw - 40px);
  background: var(--surface-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-primary);
  border-radius: 16px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  padding: 20px;
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transform: translateY(8px);
  transition: opacity 0.18s ease, transform 0.18s ease, visibility 0.18s;
  z-index: 60;
  text-align: left;
  max-height: 70vh;
  overflow-y: auto;
}
.author-hover.open .author-popup,
.author-hover:hover .author-popup,
.author-hover:focus-within .author-popup {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
  transform: translateY(0);
}
.author-popup::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: -6px;
  left: 24px;
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  background: var(--surface-card);
  border-left: 1px solid var(--border-primary);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-primary);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.author-popup-top {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.author-popup-avatar {
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--grad);
  color: #fff;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 15px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.author-popup-name {
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}
.author-popup-title {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  margin-top: 2px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.author-popup-bio {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.author-popup-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 14px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.author-popup-links a {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--royal-blue);
}
.author-popup-links a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .author-popup {
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, 8px);
  }
  .author-hover.open .author-popup,
  .author-hover:hover .author-popup,
  .author-hover:focus-within .author-popup {
    transform: translate(-50%, 0);
  }
}
.meta-divider {
  width: 1px;
  height: 24px;
  background: var(--border-primary);
}
.meta-details {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--text-caption);
}
.meta-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 5px;
}
.meta-item svg {
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
  opacity: 0.6;
}
.featured-image-wrap {
  max-width: var(--wide-width);
  margin: 40px auto 0;
  padding: 0 32px;
}
.featured-image {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1536 / 1024;
  border-radius: 16px;
  background: var(--surface-stat);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
}
.featured-image-placeholder {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 12px;
  background: radial-gradient(
      circle at 20% 30%,
      rgba(36, 60, 143, 0.08) 0%,
      transparent 50%
    ),
    radial-gradient(
      circle at 80% 70%,
      rgba(112, 195, 197, 0.08) 0%,
      transparent 50%
    );
}
.featured-image-placeholder svg {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  opacity: 0.4;
}
.featured-image-placeholder span {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-caption);
}
.article-layout {
  max-width: var(--full-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 48px 32px 80px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 220px 1fr;
  gap: 64px;
  align-items: start;
}
.toc-sidebar {
  position: sticky;
  top: calc(var(--nav-height) + 32px);
  max-height: calc(100vh - var(--nav-height) - 64px);
  overflow-y: auto;
}
.toc-label {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.toc-list {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2px;
}
.toc-list a {
  display: block;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 450;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  padding: 6px 12px;
  border-left: 2px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all 0.2s;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.toc-list a:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.toc-list a.active {
  color: var(--royal-blue);
  border-left-color: var(--royal-blue);
  background: rgba(36, 60, 143, 0.04);
  font-weight: 500;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .toc-list a.active {
  color: var(--teal);
  border-left-color: var(--teal);
  background: rgba(112, 195, 197, 0.06);
}
.toc-list .toc-h3 {
  padding-left: 24px;
  font-size: 12.5px;
}
.article-content {
  max-width: var(--content-width);
  min-width: 0;
}
.article-content h2 {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: 1.75rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.25;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-top: 56px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  scroll-margin-top: calc(var(--nav-height) + 24px);
}
.article-content h3 {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.35;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-top: 40px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.article-content p {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.78;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 22px;
}
.article-content .lead-paragraph::first-letter {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: 3.4em;
  float: left;
  line-height: 0.8;
  margin: 6px 12px 0 0;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.article-content strong {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.article-content em {
  font-style: italic;
}
.article-content p a,
.article-content li a {
  font-weight: 500;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(36, 60, 143, 0.25);
}
.article-content p a:hover,
.article-content li a:hover {
  text-decoration-color: var(--royal-blue);
}
.article-content ul,
.article-content ol {
  margin-bottom: 22px;
  padding-left: 24px;
}
.article-content li {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.72;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.article-content ul li::marker {
  color: var(--teal);
}
.article-content ol li::marker {
  color: var(--royal-blue);
  font-weight: 600;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .article-content ol li::marker {
  color: var(--teal);
}
.pull-quote {
  margin: 40px 0;
  padding: 28px 0 28px 28px;
  border-left: 3px solid;
  border-image: var(--grad) 1;
  position: relative;
}
.pull-quote p {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.pull-quote cite {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-style: normal;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.callout-box {
  margin: 32px 0;
  padding: 24px 28px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: var(--surface-callout);
  border: 1px solid var(--surface-callout-border);
}
.callout-label {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--royal-blue);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .callout-label {
  color: var(--teal);
}
.callout-label svg {
  width: 16px;
  height: 16px;
}
.callout-box p {
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 0;
  line-height: 1.68;
}
.stat-block {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 16px;
  margin: 36px 0;
}
.stat-card {
  padding: 24px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: var(--surface-stat);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  text-align: center;
}
.stat-number {
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  background: var(--grad);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.stat-label {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.comparison-table-wrap {
  margin: 32px 0;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-primary);
  overflow-x: auto;
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}
.comparison-table {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 600px;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .comparison-table-wrap {
    -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(
      to right,
      black calc(100% - 24px),
      transparent 100%
    );
    mask-image: linear-gradient(
      to right,
      black calc(100% - 24px),
      transparent 100%
    );
  }
  .comparison-table td,
  .comparison-table th {
    white-space: normal;
    font-size: 18px;
  }
}
.comparison-table thead {
  background: linear-gradient(120deg, #0f1d52 0%, #1e3575 100%);
}
.comparison-table th {
  padding: 14px 20px;
  text-align: left;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  color: #ffffff;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-primary);
}
.comparison-table td {
  padding: 14px 20px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  line-height: 1.5;
  font-size: 18px;
}
.comparison-table td:first-child {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #0f1d52;
  background: #fafbff;
  border-right: 2px solid #eef0f7;
}
.comparison-table tr:last-child td {
  border-bottom: none;
}
.comparison-table tbody tr:hover {
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
}
.faq-section {
  margin-top: 56px;
}
.faq-item {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  padding: 20px 0;
  font-size: 18px;
}
.faq-question {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: left;
  padding: 0;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.faq-question svg {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}
.faq-question[aria-expanded="true"] svg {
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.faq-answer {
  overflow: hidden;
  max-height: 0;
  transition: max-height 0.35s ease, padding 0.35s ease;
}
.faq-answer-inner {
  padding-top: 12px;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.72;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}
.faq-answer.open {
  max-height: 500px;
}
.internal-links {
  margin-top: 48px;
  padding: 24px 28px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
}
.internal-links-title {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.internal-links ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}
.internal-links li a {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}
.internal-links li a::before {
  content: "\2192";
  color: var(--text-caption);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.author-bio {
  margin-top: 56px;
  padding: 32px;
  border-radius: 14px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-primary);
  background: var(--surface-card);
}
.author-bio-top {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.author-bio-avatar {
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--grad);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 22px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}
.author-bio-info {
  flex: 1;
}
.author-bio-name {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}
.author-bio-title {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  margin-top: 2px;
}
.author-bio-text {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.68;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.author-bio-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
}
.author-bio-links a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 5px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.author-bio-links a:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.author-bio-links svg {
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
}
.reviewed-by {
  margin-top: 16px;
  padding-top: 16px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
}
.reviewed-by strong {
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.related-section {
  max-width: var(--wide-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 64px 32px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
}
.related-heading {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.related-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
}
.related-card {
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  background: var(--surface-card);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: box-shadow 0.3s, border-color 0.3s, transform 0.3s;
  text-decoration: none;
  display: block;
}
.related-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  border-color: var(--border-primary);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.related-card-image {
  aspect-ratio: 16/9;
  background: var(--surface-stat);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
}
.related-card-image::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(
      circle at 30% 40%,
      rgba(36, 60, 143, 0.06) 0%,
      transparent 60%
    ),
    radial-gradient(
      circle at 70% 60%,
      rgba(112, 195, 197, 0.06) 0%,
      transparent 60%
    );
}
.related-card-body {
  padding: 20px;
}
.related-card-tag {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.related-card-title {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.related-card-excerpt {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  line-height: 1.55;
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.related-card-meta {
  margin-top: 14px;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
}
.newsletter-section {
  max-width: var(--wide-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 32px 64px;
}
.newsletter-inner {
  padding: 40px;
  border-radius: 16px;
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle);
  text-align: center;
}
.newsletter-label {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.newsletter-title {
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: clamp(30px, 4vw, 50px) !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.1 !important;
  letter-spacing: -1.2px !important;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  position: relative;
}
.newsletter-desc {
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--text-tertiary);
  max-width: 460px;
  margin: 0 auto 24px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.newsletter-form {
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  max-width: 420px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  justify-content: center;
}
.newsletter-input {
  flex: 1;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-primary);
  background: var(--bg-secondary);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  outline: none;
  transition: border-color 0.2s;
}
.newsletter-input::placeholder {
  color: var(--text-caption);
}
.newsletter-input:focus {
  border-color: var(--royal-blue);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .newsletter-input:focus {
  border-color: var(--teal);
}
.newsletter-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 12px 24px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  border: none;
  background: var(--blue-deep);
  color: #fff;
  font-family: var(--font) !important;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.25s;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.newsletter-btn:hover {
  opacity: 0.88;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .newsletter-btn {
  background: var(--grad);
}
.newsletter-privacy {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  margin-top: 12px;
}
.reading-progress {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 0%;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--grad);
  z-index: 200;
  transition: width 0.1s linear;
}
.mobile-toc-toggle {
  display: none;
  position: fixed;
  bottom: 24px;
  right: 24px;
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--blue-deep);
  color: #fff;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  z-index: 90;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}
.mobile-toc-toggle svg {
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
}
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .article-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0;
    padding-top: 32px;
  }
  .toc-sidebar {
    display: none;
  }
  .mobile-toc-toggle {
    display: flex;
  }
  .nav-categories {
    display: none;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .article-header {
    padding: 32px 20px 0;
  }
  .featured-image-wrap {
    padding: 0 20px;
  }
  .article-layout {
    padding: 24px 20px 64px;
  }
  .related-section {
    padding: 48px 20px;
  }
  .newsletter-section {
    padding: 0 20px 48px;
  }
  .footer-inner {
    padding: 36px 20px;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 32px;
  }
  .footer-bottom {
    padding: 16px 20px;
  }
  .nav-inner {
    padding: 0 16px;
  }
  .article-title {
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    font-size: clamp(25px, 6.5vw, 45px) !important;
  }
  .related-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 16px;
  }
  .stat-block {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .newsletter-form {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  .article-meta {
    gap: 12px;
  }
  .meta-divider {
    display: none;
  }
  .author-bio-top {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 12px;
  }
  .newsletter-inner {
    padding: 28px 20px;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .footer-inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}
@keyframes fadeInUp {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(16px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}
.article-header {
  animation: fadeInUp 0.5s ease both;
}
.featured-image-wrap {
  animation: fadeInUp 0.5s 0.1s ease both;
}
body {
  padding-top: 96px;
}
body::before {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  background-image: linear-gradient(
      rgba(112, 195, 197, 0.08) 1px,
      transparent 1px
    ),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(112, 195, 197, 0.08) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 80px 80px;
  z-index: 0;
}
body > *:not(nav) {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}
nav {
  z-index: 1000 !important;
}
.nav-dropdown-menu {
  z-index: 1001 !important;
}
.nav-links.open {
  z-index: 999 !important;
}
body::after {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(
      circle at 20% 20%,
      rgba(14, 181, 160, 0.08),
      transparent 40%
    ),
    radial-gradient(circle at 80% 80%, rgba(26, 47, 110, 0.08), transparent 40%);
}
.site-footer {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}
.newsletter-inner {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #0b1f4d !important;
  border: none !important;
}
.newsletter-inner::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-image: linear-gradient(
      rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06) 1px,
      transparent 1px
    ),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 80px 80px;
  z-index: 0;
}
.newsletter-inner::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(
      circle at 20% 20%,
      rgba(14, 181, 160, 0.18),
      transparent 40%
    ),
    radial-gradient(
      circle at 80% 80%,
      rgba(14, 181, 160, 0.12),
      transparent 40%
    );
  z-index: 0;
}
.newsletter-inner > * {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}
.newsletter-label {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6) !important;
}
.newsletter-title {
  color: #fff !important;
}
.newsletter-desc {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75) !important;
}
.newsletter-input {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) !important;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18) !important;
  color: #fff !important;
}
.newsletter-input::placeholder {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.45) !important;
}
.newsletter-input:focus {
  border-color: rgba(112, 195, 197, 0.6) !important;
}
.newsletter-btn {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0eb5a0, #4ad9c6) !important;
  color: #fff !important;
}
.newsletter-privacy {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5) !important;
}
.newsletter-btn {
  background: #fff !important;
  color: var(--navy) !important;
  border-radius: 999px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  transition: transform 0.14s !important;
}
.newsletter-btn:hover {
  opacity: 1 !important;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}
.benefit-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 20px;
  margin: 32px 0;
}
.benefit-card {
  padding: 28px;
  border-radius: 16px;
  background: var(--surface-card);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-primary);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.benefit-number {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--text-caption);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.benefit-card h3 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  line-height: 1.3;
}
.benefit-card p {
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  line-height: 1.65;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.benefit-card p + p {
  margin-top: 12px;
}
@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .benefit-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}